From Cyber Weapons to Digital Soldiers: A Dark Evolution:

From disruptions to critical infrastructure to cyber biothreats, geopolitical crises are extending into uncharted territories.

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Recognising this potential, the government is also strategically utilising music and national festivals like Songkran to attract international tourists, blending traditional elements with modern outreach strategies. This dual approach boosts tourism revenue and reinforces Thailand’s soft power. The government has also formulated a policy through the ‘5Fs’- food, film, festivals, fighting, and fashion—promoting culture and rebuilding Thailand’s image.
Read Moe:- https://www.orfonline.org/expe....rt-speak/thailand-s-

Russia pushes CIS towards collective security

Moscow has proposed establishing a unified air defence system for the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) to strengthen security and enhance cooperation. In December 2024, during the Heads of Government Council of CIS meeting in Moscow, all members agreed to allocate funds for the joint venture, which the defence ministers of the member countries will oversee. Premiers of Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Azerbaijan, along with the deputy premier of Armenia, and the permanent representative of Turkmenistan to the CIS, attended the meeting under Russia's chairmanship.
Read More:- https://www.orfonline.org/expe....rt-speak/russia-push

Russia pushes CIS towards collective security:
Finance Minister (FM) Nirmala Sitharaman presented the first full budget following the 2024 elections. Going into the Budget, there was expectation from Modi 3.0 that there would be greater budgetary allocation for defence. Although the Budget has not outrightly disappointed on this front, the distribution of allocations under the defence budget of 2024-25 are still skewed in favour of revenue expenditure

Read More:-https://www.orfonline.org/expe....rt-speak/russia-push

Back to basics: Are paper textbooks the way forward?:

In an interesting turn of events, Sweden has decided to move away from digital textbooks and bring back paper books. Fifteen years ago, it was one of the first nations to go digital in classrooms. Now, it finds children’s attention, focus, and basic skills of reading and writing dwindling because of digital books, and is investing 104 million euros to reintroduce paper textbooks.

Read More:-https://www.orfonline.org/expe....rt-speak/back-to-bas